Anarchism in Albania

Anarchism in Albania was introduced and began to be spread by Italian anarchists in the years before and after World War I, initially in the early 1910s by Italian volunteers who fought during the Albanian revolts against the Ottoman Empire, and later by Italians opposed to their country’s military occupation of Albania that was effectively ended by the two-month Vlora War in the summer of 1920. Native Albanian anarchists first organised themselves within the rising communist movement during the 1920s, but libertarian tendencies were eventually supplanted by Marxism–Leninism, which became the leading tendency by the 1930s. After World War II, a People's Republic was established by the communists under Enver Hoxha, which briefly implemented socialist self-management before drifting towards an anti-revisionist form of Marxism–Leninism. When communist rule collapsed, the country went through rapid liberalization which caused an insurrection against the state, leading to renewed anarchist analysis of the situation in Albania and the rise of anarchist sympathies among Albanian migrants abroad.